Since the beginning of its construction, the safety and reliability of the Canal excavations and dam structures have been a challenge due to the adverse geological and climate conditions of the region. The Canal has a heterogeneous and complex geological set up, added to a highly variable rainfall regime comprising average daily precipitation of 14 cm. The Panama Canal Authority has a carefully developed, periodically updated program that enables the detection of landslide activity in its early stages, to mitigate the consequences and maintain the Canal operation. This program has been named as the Landslide Control Program and was implemented since 1968. The execution of improvement projects to the navigation channel, including containment dams, widening, straightening, deepening and the recent expansion, represented new challenges in the surveillance process and the use of techniques for detection of landslides and data acquisition. To overcome the new challenges, the Panama Canal Authority has undertaken an improvement process using state-of-the-art monitoring tools such as robotic technology and real-time monitoring system. This paper presents in detail the importance and objectives of the Landslide Control Program, the Landslide Protocol Response and different types of instruments installed along the waterway, including the new instrumentation and data analyses.Since the beginning of its construction, the safety and reliability of the Canal excavations and dam structures have been a challenge due to the adverse geological and climate conditions of the region. The Canal has a heterogeneous and complex geological set up, added to a highly variable rainfall regime comprising average daily precipitation of 14 cm. The Panama Canal Authority has a carefully developed, periodically updated program that enables the detection of landslide activity in its early stages, to mitigate the consequences and maintain the Canal operation. This program has been named as the Landslide Control Program and was implemented since 1968. The execution of improvement projects to the navigation channel, including containment dams, widening, straightening, deepening and the recent expansion, represented new challenges in the surveillance process and the use of techniques for detection of landslides and data acquisition. To overcome the new challenges, the Panama Canal Authority has undertaken an improvement process using state-of-the-art monitoring tools such as robotic technology and real-time monitoring system. This paper presents in detail the importance and objectives of the Landslide Control Program, the Landslide Protocol Response and different types of instruments installed along the waterway, including the new instrumentation and data analyses.